|
The Sons of God
in Genesis 6 “the
Nephilim ”
Gen. 6:2-4: “That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they
were fair; and they took wives for themselves of all whom they
chose.…There were giants in the earth in those days; and also afterward,
when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare
children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of
renown.”
The question of the mention of sons of God in Gen. 6 has always
provoked much controversy. Did Angels actually co-habitat with humans,
or were they the godly descendant's of Seth that took women from the
ungodly line of Cain.
It has been the opinion of the majority of Rabbis that this event had
actually occurred, and that they were indeed angels. Ancient rabbinical
sources, and the Septuagint
translators in the 3rd century before Christ all upheld this view. The
early church agreed with this view almost to the end of the fourth
century. ( Justin, Cyprian, Athenagoras, Eusebius, also Josephus, Philo,
and Judeaus accepted this traditional view. While we should not let
tradition be the final say in doctrinal matters we can learn from their
statements why they considered this view. What changed this view is only
speculated but it very well could have been from an anti supernatural
out look.
Today there are many conservative scholars that hold to the view
of actual angels. M. R. DeHaan, C. H. McIntosh, Dr. Arnold Fruchtenbaum,
F. Delitzsch, A. C. Gaebelein, A. W.Pink, Donald Grey Barnhouse, Henry
Morris, Chuck Smith. While we don't interpret the Bible because of their
view, it is good to read why they have come to these conclusions.
The Hebrew word for sons of God is Bene elohim. This term for
angels occurs four times in the Old Testament in the Septuagint version
(the Greek translation of the Hebrew scriptures ) it's meaning is always
used as angels of God, never of man. Most scholars believe this event
describes a union between fallen angels who cohabitated with human
females. This unnatural occurrence of combining two different species
resulted in a offspring of what is called 'giants' in the King James and
N K J version and Nephilim in the New American Standard, and the English
translation of the Jewish Masoretic text.
Throughout this article we will go through the pros and cons of each
view and weigh out the evidence to see which view makes the most sense
Scripturally The two principal interpretations are, the term Sons of god
are the godly line of Seth (Sethites) the other view is that they are
fallen angels. their is no easy solution or quick answers to this
question, both views have strong and weak points and good men are
divided on the answers. The main scriptural argument for the Sons of God
not being angels is the scripture Matthew 22:30 Jesus describes the Holy
angels in heaven as not marrying, nor reproducing after their own kind.
This argument proposes that the Sons of God must be human because a
sexual union between angels and humans is impossible and leans towards
Greek mythology. Since angels are sexless this terminology could easily
be referring to godly men (Hosea 1:10 you are sons of the living God ).
It is a assumption, when God
says “ sons of Elohim” that he is referring to the “sons of Seth.”
The main objection then is that angels do not reproduce sexually,
however if we look at the verse more carefully we see Jesus stating that
the angels of God in heaven neither marry nor are given in marriage. He
gives a specific location, which gives us only two alternatives. Because
of where they are located it is a functional impossibility, or that he
is referring to only the angels that obey God do not marry. Either way
it leaves open the possibility of this occurring on Earth and with the
fallen angels that are disobedient to God.
What Mt.22:30 does specifically say is that angels do not marry.
Marriage was given to generate new offspring. Angels do not have the
ability to procreate among their own species. They may or may not be
sexless, although they are in an invisible spirit form they are pictured
as male, with male names Michael, Gabriel. They are also called sons of
god not daughters ) When they become visible they will usually appear as
young men. God made an innumerable amount of angels simultaneously, he
does not continue creating them, so they never increase or decrease in
number.
We find in the scriptures that angels have the ability to appear as
men even though they are spirit creatures. They are able to perform
numerous human functions such as eating food as in their encounter with
Abraham in Genesis 18.
They are able to perform other bodily functions as well,
they can walk and talk among us in such a way that we may not be
aware of them unless they reveal themselves, Heb. 13:2 “do not forget to
entertain strangers, for by so doing some have unwittingly entertained
angels.”
The angels that came to warn Lot were mistaken for men and were
sought out for homosexual use by the men of Sodom. Angels are also able
to carry out God's plans on Earth by supplying food for man 1 kings
19:5-7 Mt. 4:11. They are able to execute God's judgment Rev. 7:1,
14:17, inflict punishment upon man Ez.9:1-8 Acts 12:23. There seems to
be some change of substance that takes place on Earth that they can
become physical, contrary to their original nature. So if they are able
to possess a body of a man and can eat and carry out other functions
then why not other abilities.
The term Son of God is never used of man in the Old
Testament, only of angels. (Job.1:6,2:1, 38:7). The only exception is
Nebuchadnezzar who said of the one who was in the fire with Shadrach,
Meshach, and Abed-Nego, was like the Son of God” (Dan. 3:25). This was
written in Aramaic and he was probably stating this from his Pagan
perspective.
The term “sons of God” is used consistently for the angels in their
unfallen estate, they are Gods sons because they were directly created
by him. When the title sons of God is used such as in the passages of
Gen. 6, Job 1:6, 2:1, 38:7 it is exclusively used of angels who have
access to God's throne. (this is a common Semitic expression ) We find
that each time when the sons of God present themselves before God's
throne (which is in heaven), Satan is with them. This shows that these
sons are the fallen angels as God addresses Satan as their
representative when they assemble.
The vicinity of this
meeting is in heaven, for Satan informs God that he has come to his
assembly “from going to and fro in the earth.”
God questioning Job in his
trial. Job 38:3-7 “Now prepare yourself like a man; I will question you,
and you shall answer Me.” Where were you when I laid the foundations
of the earth? Tell Me, if you have understanding. Who determined its
measurements? Surely you know! Or who stretched the line upon it? To
what were its foundations fastened? Or who laid its cornerstone, When
the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for
joy?”
Job 38:7 is clearly a reference to the angels united in harmony when
they were created in reference to Gen.1:1. It is prior to the rebellion
of the angels. Once again this term is used for angels and not man. When
God created the heavens there was a time when all the angels were united
and harmony existed in heaven. They were together in worship and service
to God their creator this is taking place when the earth was first
created before man is on it.There is also the Hebrew term of bene
elim which is found in Psalm 29:1, 89:6 which means sons of the
mighty, referring to man as a class of mighty beings (possibly a more
general meaning to include the angels).
In the New Testament believers are also called Sons of God but this
is by adoption not referring to nature ( Rom. 8:14-15; Gal 4:5; Eph. 1:5
). The Greek word teknon means born ones, meaning children who have a
likeness of Jesus' character from a spiritual birth, by being adopted
into Hids family therefore ie. they are sons [children of God.]
Jesus is also called the Son of God it is used in a singular sense,
not in the plural as sons being one of many, he being the only begotten
Son ( unique one of a kind, no other like him). In the scriptures son
simply means one possessing the same nature of something. Examples such
as son of Abraham or son of man means one possesses the same nature as
the subject named. The Greek word for son which is used for Jesus is
huios. It is limited exclusively for him, signifying he is the son
by nature not by adoption. When the word “Sons of God” are used in
Genesis 6 and in the Old Testament; in Hebrew it is Bene Elohim,
showing they are a special creature related to Elohim (God), not related
to man. They are not referred to as the “sons of Cain” or the “daughters
of Seth?”
When we go back to the Gen.6 account there are other
terms that need to be considered. The title “daughters of men.” Some
consider the phrase “the daughters of man” to be the daughters of the
Cainites only. But this phrase does not name a tribe but is a general
and all encompassing statement, leaving no distinction of any moral or
spiritual kind, it is a general term that includes both Cainite and
Shethite females, it is referring to females of the human race (Hebrew
benoth Adam daughters of Adam) they were natural descendants. Also
the term Nephilim (giants) in Gen.6:4 has an interesting history.
Nephil means fallen one, (im at the end of any Hebrew word changes
it to a plural, nephillim-fallen ones.) This does not mean giant, or
monstrous in size but someone who possesses super human ability in
strength and intelligence, not stature. This word is taken from its root
word of nephal and nephel which means to fall, abortion or
untimely. In 250 BC. the Rabbis that wrote the Septuagint which is a
Greek translation of the Hebrew scriptures. They changed the word
Nephillim to giant, which is the word most translations currently have
(giant in Greek gigentes implies earth born men of great stature
Num.13:33 ). This was a significant change which has obscured the
meaning even to today. While some contend they are still around in the
time of Numbers the giants were not the same species of the Nephilim.
Since the Nephils were not Giant in size but in strength, intelligence
and ability. The only creatures that lived through the flood were 8
humans, no others. Some postulate that another group of fallen angels
returned again , something which the bible never addresses and would
need to if this occurred.
In Unger's Bible dictionary referring to the word for giants
(Nephillim ) he writes; “the Nephillim are considered by many as
demigods, the unnatural offspring of the daughters of men mortal women
in cohabitation with” the sons of god” (angels). This utterly unnatural
union, violating God's created order of being, was such a shocking
abnormality as to necessitate the worldwide judgment of the flood.” (pg.
788)
Gaebelein interprets,” The designation 'Sons of God' is never applied
in the Old Testament to believers,” whose sonship is “distinctly a New
Testament revelation.” (A.C. Gaebelein, The Annotated Bible (Penteteuch).
p. 29).
Can we find any justification for this view elsewhere in the Bible.
Or is it as some claim the story of Greek mythology, where we have
legends of titans, the gods of Mt. Olympus (Hercules, Achelles) coming
down and intermarrying with humans having hybrids, half human and god.
What we find is that this is not limited to only the Greek and Roman
cultures, almost all ancient civilizations have legends and myths of
visitations from the sky. Are these only folklore or are these legends
distortions of what really occurred? We have the same for the flood
accounts so it is very possible they are distortions of the true
account.
There are several questions that are relevant to this event that need
to be answered. First what justification is there to confine the
daughters of men to be ungodly women specifically from the line of Cain.
Does the bible ever classify people in this manner? If the Sons of God
are descendants of Seth what are they doing presenting themselves before
the Lord in heaven. Job 1:6, 2:1 “ there was a day when the Sons of God
came to present themselves before the Lord, and Satan also came among
them.” Also why would there be such unusual offspring from marriage if
they were all of human kind.
From the scriptures we can find no justification for separating the
race of mankind and making one line righteous the other not. We actually
find evidence for the opposite. the scriptures always refer to someone
being righteous by their obedience to God, by their spirituality, not by
their physical posterity or what family they are in. Why would all the
Sethite men be godly and all the women of Cain be ungodly. There is no
indication that the line of Seth was godly or stayed godly. If so, why
were they also destroyed in the flood along with everyone else. There is
no mention of this type of distinction before or afterwards. It would
make more sense that intermarriage would occur with also godly women and
ungodly men as well. There is no indication to confine the term of
“daughters of “ to ungodly women when it's a general classification for
womankind. Another factor that seems to lead one away from the two
classes of humans is Gen.6:2 stating “they took wives for themselves of
all whom they chose.” In the Hebrew language this describes a violent
taking for themselves, not a good thing. Why would godly men resort to
this kind of activity for marriage? In the next verse the Lord says his
Spirit will not continue to abide with man and then pronounces the time
when the future judgment will occur. All this after their marriage to
other humans! When Israel did not obey the Lord from marrying outside
their own nation there was never such a punishment. Whether this was a
punishment incurred specifically for this event or it contributed to it
seems to be somewhat obscured at times.
When the righteous marry the unrighteous they do not give birth to
such unusual offspring, unless there is another element to this event.
How else can one explain the offspring of this union which are described
as “mighty men who were of old, men of renown” in Gen. 6:4. This is a
description of their power and fame (their abilities intelligence, and
strength far exceeded other men.)
If we look at the affect on humanity from this forbidden act it
indicates that man became incredibly evil, where his thoughts were bent
on evil all day long and he filled the earth with violence. (Gen.
6:5,13) with this afterwards as the affect from the unnatural offspring
of humanity God decides to destroy the Earth. This was such a violation
to gods created order that it altered mankind and necessitated a
worldwide flood.
Many say how can a demon have sex with a human or have this ability
to be physical. As we have already seen angels do change into physical
form and can physically help people even though by nature they are
invisible spirit beings. The Bible doesn’t tell us how this occurred
although there are some other factors to consider. A demon can inhabit a
person and give them unusual strength and powers beyond any normal human
ability. They can even give someone psychic abilities. So it is possible
that instead of a creature becoming visible and physical to have sex we
have a case of demon possession that affected their offspring's. I’m not
saying this is how it occurred but it can be acceptable explanation.
Without the fact of their being two different species angelic and
human co- mingling there can be no plausible explanation of God's severe
judgment. Which came upon both mankind by the flood and the angels that
are now bound in chains. (2 Pt. 2:4-5; Jude 6-7)
What purpose would there be for an angelic assault of this nature?
After the fall of Adam and Eve God pronounced judgment on them and the
Earth. He also gave a promise that a messiah would come and crush the
head of Satan Gen.3:15. What we see consistently throughout the
scriptures is a satanic attack to corrupt the line of the messiah. This
was his first and probably greatest attempt to pollute the line (gene
pool), stopping the seed from appearing. By introducing something
foreign to the human race, man would eventually become a hybrid, part
human and angel, something God never intended. This would have been
disastrous because Christ would then not be able to represent man who
was made in the image of God. It would be for this reason god took such
a drastic measure to rectify this event.
We should take notice that while this attacked the families of
mankind, Noah was undefiled by this activity. Gen. 6:9 “This is the
genealogy of Noah. Noah was a just man, perfect in his
generations. Noah walked with God.” He was perfect meaning
without spot or blemish, healthy his family was not affected by the
invasion to defile the “gene pool'“ of mankind.
With all this information of the antediluvian world in the Old
Testament can we find any parallel accounts in the New Testament? Yes we
can. We can find even greater detail on these particular angels and how
and why they were judged. Without the Gen.6 account referring to angelic
beings we are left empty handed on why these particular angels are bound
until the end of time.
2 Pt.2:4-5: “For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast
them down to Tartarus, and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be
reserved unto judgment; And spared not the old world, but saved Noah the
eighth person, a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the flood upon
the world of the ungodly.”
“The angels that sinned” some interpret as the rebellion in heaven.
This could not mean Satans rebellion, because we would have no demonic
angels against mankind today if they were all incarcerated. The question
is, how did they sin? It is Judes explanation that gives light to what
Peter is speaking about.
Jude 6-7: “And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left
their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under
darkness unto the judgment of the great day. Even as Sodom and
Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves
over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth
for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.”
Both of these events are described as pre-flood. Both Peter and Jude
place these events between false prophets and Sodom and Gomorrah. Both
accounts are in the context of sin and fornication of these cities.
(going after a different kind of flesh then there own type Rom.
1:26,27.) Jude draws a comparison with the sin of Sodom and the angels,
Both departed from their own nature to go after unnatural desires.
Because of this rebellion they are confined in chains in Tartarus. This
is a location in Hell specifically for the angels. these angels were
involved in such an extraordinary sin that they needed incarceration
until judgment day.
In the Scripture we have recorded two apostasy's of angels. The first
occurred in heaven with the rebellion of Lucifer the chief cherubim who
had one third of the good angels follow his lead (Ezek. 28:14-16) and
were confirmed in their fallen state. The second apostasy is mentioned
in 2nd Pt. and Jude in which they abandoned their assigned place of
residence to invade another that was off limits to them. the author Jude
writes of these angels who sinned and then parallels their sin with
sexual immorality.
This incarceration in chains until judgment day gives us further
insight of who these angels are. If the sin mentioned in 2nd Pt. were
the original fall of the angels which occurred in heaven, then all the
evil angels would be in chains, not just some. This would mean that
Satan and all the angels would be bound and would not be active today.
Obviously this is not correct so the only explanation is a separate
event which prompted the Lord to keep them apart from us never to repeat
this heinous act again. It seems these particular angelic beings were
more inclined to evil than the others that they left their assigned
place in the heavens to defile the whole human race. So they could have
been a certain class of angels as there are numerous different creatures
described in heaven. The Apostle Peter refers to the spirits in prison
more than once. In 1 Pt. 3:19-20 he states that after Christ died he
went and “preached to the spirits in prison, who formerly were
disobedient, when once the divine longsuffering waited in the days of
Noah.” this preaching was not the good news but to proclaim, announce
their inevitable judgment, again we find the time of this being
pre-flood.
In summary we see from numerous parallel scriptures that this
marriage of Gen. 6 was disastrous for humanity. That the offspring of
this union lead mankind into activities that are promoted by Demons.
Their offspring were called the fallen ones, super human in strength and
intelligence that became world renown. that the legends of the Gods in
mythology probably are a distortion of a true event just as they have
distortions of the flood. That the Lord intervened with a cataclysm in
which only eight people were saved. There is no line of Sethites to
found afterward. That this behavior is consistent of the fallen angels
trying to pollute the line of the messiah. That the word Sons of God is
used exclusively for angels in the Old Testament, not man. The weight of
the evidence with the information we have does seem to conclude that the
Sons of God are indeed the fallen angels. |